In the past two years, energy storage has been favored by various capitals. According to incomplete statistics, since the beginning of this year, hundreds of new energy storage-related companies have been established with a registered amount of 42.3 billion yuan, including 43 new energy storage technology service companies, 54 new battery companies and 7 new pumped storage companies were incorporated. Among the newly established energy storage companies from 2022 to the present , many central enterprises such as China Energy Group, State Power Investment Corporation, Datang Group, Huadian Group, China Energy Construction, Three Gorges Corporation, and State Grid have participated in the investment. On September 29 this year, Nanwang Energy Storage was established by the original Wenshan Power through a major asset reorganization and officially landed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is mainly engaged in pumped storage and new energy storage businesses. The specific situation is as follows: the demand is strong, and various capitals have increased their stakes . In order to achieve the goal of "30.60" carbon peak and carbon neutrality, China has gradually established a new power system based on new energy. As the core of the new energy industry, the development of energy storage technology and industry has also attracted much attention. With the gradual expansion of market demand and the continuous support of favorable policies, not only start-ups and listed companies invest in the layout, but also major private companies and central enterprises have stepped into the value blue ocean of energy storage. Among the newly established enterprises from 2022 to the present, many central enterprises such as China Energy Group, State Power Investment Corporation, Datang Group, Huadian Group, China Energy Construction, Three Gorges Corporation, and State Grid participated in the investment. According to incomplete statistics, since the beginning of this year, 43 new energy storage technology service companies have been registered and established, with a registered amount of 8.4 billion yuan. The era is far ahead, and the data of energy storage PCS shipments of Shangneng Electric and Kehua has grown rapidly.
On the other hand, various new technologies emerge one after another, jointly promoting the sustainable development of the large storage industry. High-voltage cascaded energy storage has significant advantages in large-capacity scenarios; fires frequently occur in energy storage power stations, and policies continue to emphasize energy storage safety; liquid cooling and perfluorohexanone solutions have attracted attention; new electrochemical energy The industrialization of energy storage, flow battery energy storage, and hydrogen storage continues to accelerate; new physical energy storage technologies emerge in an endless stream, and demonstration projects such as photothermal energy storage, gravity energy storage, compressed air energy storage, and flywheel energy storage are gradually implemented. Energy storage industry chain The links involved in the energy storage industry chain include:
Energy storage battery The energy storage battery material system is mainly based on lithium iron phosphate, and the battery continues to evolve in the direction of large capacity. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the energy density of energy storage batteries is ≥145Wh/kg, and the energy density of battery packs is ≥110Wh/kg. Cycle life ≥ 5000 times and capacity retention ≥ 80%. The current electrochemical energy storage technology, especially lithium battery energy storage technology, has entered a new cycle of change. New products and technologies such as large batteries, high voltage, water cooling/liquid cooling are gradually on the stage, and energy storage systems are continuously evolving towards large capacity. , At the same time, sodium-ion batteries may occupy a place in the future due to their cost advantages.
Globally, Chinese manufacturers of energy storage batteries are leading in shipments, and CATL ranks first in the world in terms of shipments. According to estimates, the global shipment of energy storage cells in 2021 will be 59.9GWh, of which Ningde Times will occupy the top spot as the largest battery cell supplier, with shipments of 16.7GWh, accounting for 27.9 % ; 1.5GWh, accounting for 2.6%. We expect global shipments in 2022 to be 114.9GWh, a year-on-year increase of 91.9%, of which Ningde Times will ship 45.0GWh, a year-on-year increase of 169.5%; Pine Technology will ship 3.5GWh, a year-on-year increase of 127.3%.
According to estimates, it is estimated that the global energy storage battery shipments will be 122.5/219.6GWh in 2022-2023, a year-on-year increase of 101%/79%. Cargo 50/100GWh, a year-on-year increase of 199%/100%, accounting for 40.8%/45.5%, the leading position is stable.
Huawei integrates digital information technology with photovoltaic technology and energy storage technology, and for the first time proposes a new concept of string-based, intelligent, and modular design of energy storage systems to achieve refined management at the battery module level and generate more discharge capacity (The battery configuration is reduced by 13%, and the battery life is increased by 50%), achieving better investment (the initial configuration is reduced by 30%), minimalist operation and maintenance (25-year operation and maintenance costs are reduced by 50 million yuan), security and stability are improved (availability is increased to 99 %), and the overall LCOS has been reduced by more than 20%, which will ultimately help to move from photovoltaic parity to photovoltaic storage parity. The disadvantage is that the current cost of PCS is relatively high, but there is a lot of room for price reduction, refer to the string photovoltaic inverter. Representative manufacturers: Huawei, Sineng, and Shenghong.
Leading companies have obvious first-mover advantages, while latecomers compete fiercely, and the market structure of energy storage converters is still undecided. According to CNESA, from 2018 to 2021, my country's top ten energy storage converter manufacturers are constantly changing. Except for a few companies such as Shangneng Electric, Sungrow, and Kehua Data who have maintained their leadership for many years, new entrants are emerging in an endless stream. With the further development of the market in the future, we believe that companies with product, channel, and cost advantages will still benefit from the high growth rate of the industry and eventually stand out.
Electrical topology In terms of electrical topology, the high-voltage cascading solution under large capacity has significant advantages. As the capacity of the energy storage integrated system increases, the traditional series boost solution will face various problems: a large number of batteries are required under a large capacity, and the safety risk is relatively large; as the number of battery cycles increases, the differentiation of the battery body is gradually reflected , the system consistency becomes worse; constrained by the above two factors, the capacity of a single system is usually limited, and with the increase of parallel devices, the secondary communication and coordinated control become more complicated. The advantages of the high-voltage cascading scheme under large capacity are prominent: the high-voltage cascading scheme is composed of multiple energy storage units, which adopt de-parallel combination, and each energy storage unit outputs tens to hundreds of volts, discretizing the battery stack, which greatly The power of the battery stack is reduced, the number of battery cells in the battery stack is reduced, the system capacity is greatly increased, and the system safety is improved. At present, there are several domestic enterprises that master high-voltage cascade technology: Guodian Nanrui, Jinpan Technology, Zhiguang Electric, Sifang Co., Ltd., and Xinfengfeng. Released and received 135 million orders.
Energy storage safety In recent years, fires have occurred frequently in energy storage power stations, and attention has been paid to temperature control thermal management and energy storage fire protection. Industry policies have been introduced one after another, and the development of energy storage fire protection systems has accelerated. Lithium metal in lithium-ion batteries is the most active metal among known elements (including radioactive elements), and thermal runaway occurs from time to time in the automotive field, burying a safety hazard for the application of lithium batteries in energy storage. According to incomplete statistics, there have been more than 17 energy storage fire accidents in the world in 2022. Since 2021, the country has issued a number of policies related to energy storage fire safety, and the importance of energy storage fire protection under the new standards has been highlighted.
Energy storage system integration In the field of energy storage system integration, there are many integrators and players, and multiple modes coexist. Now there are three main modes: Ⅰ. The layout of the entire industry chain: batteries, PCS, BMS, and EMS are all self-produced, and domestic representative companies For BYD . Ⅱ. Professional integration: Integrators purchase components from outside and specialize in system integration. This model is rarely used in China, represented by foreign Doosan and IHI; Ⅲ. Transformation from pure equipment suppliers to system integrators based on their own products: the The mode is the most widely used in China, and the representative companies are: 1. Ginlong Technology, Goodway, Deye Technology , etc., manufacturers of photovoltaic inverters who cut into PCS ; Hui Energy , etc.; 3. Jinpan Technology, Kstar, Kehua Data, Baoguang, Kelu Electronics , etc. , manufacturers of power equipment and electronic equipment that cut into PCS/BMS/EMS and other components . Reviewing the US market, it can be found that mainstream integration manufacturers have adopted the above three models.
Project resources and customer resources are important competition points for energy storage system integrators. In terms of project resources, for integrators, the projects that have been built and the orders that have been obtained are effective proofs of the company's existing strength and have a guiding role in obtaining future orders. At the same time, in the long run, energy storage projects have limited network resources.
In terms of customer resources: 1. From the perspective of project acquisition, the current demand for energy storage on the power generation side mainly comes from the mandatory distribution and storage of new energy, and power groups are the main force in the development of wind power and photovoltaics, and are also the main source of bidding projects. Energy storage system integrators are seeking deep binding with owners through strategic cooperation. In 2021, Huawei and Sungrow have signed a series of strategic cooperation agreements with power groups such as "Two Networks", "Five Big and Six Small" and local governments. Seek greater advantages in project acquisition. 2. From the perspective of revenue accounting, independent energy storage and shared energy storage must accept the unified dispatch of the power grid in order to participate in the spot market and auxiliary service market transactions, and enterprises with relevant resources are more likely to be in a favorable position in later market transactions. Analyzing and comparing the projects and customer resources of major energy storage integrators, it can be found that major companies have established cooperative relationships with major power grid groups. The potential is greater, and it is possible to make profits in the long-term acquisition of projects such as shared energy storage. In terms of projects , leaders such as Sungrow and HyperStrong already have project construction experience of more than GWh, and have obvious first-mover advantages; at the same time, rising stars such as Jinpan Technology and Kelu Electronics have strong order acquisition capabilities; in addition, industry demand is strong, and enterprises expand The current production capacity of Jinpan Technology and Zhiguang Co., Ltd. both exceeds GWh, and they are still in the process of expanding production. There are many energy integrators and players, and the participation links are differentiated.
Building 1, No 268 Furong Road, Economic Development District , Hefei city, Anhui
17718186027
0551-68891338
info@baufar.com
